iOS 12 was announced right on cue at Apple's 2018 Worldwide Developers Conference, but a rumored major redesign was nowhere in sight. This year, Apple has delivered a refined version of iOS 11 (our complete guide to iOS), with a focus on fixing what's broken rather than overhauling what works.

With new features like Screen Time, Memoji, and Siri improvements, iOS 12 makes your iPhone and iPad a little bit better. It also ships pre-installed on the new iPhone Xs, Xs Max, and Xr announced in September. Let's see what's new.

1. Stability and Performance

These are two words every iOS user loves to hear. This year's iOS update focuses on refinement and boosting performance. This is particularly notable since iOS 11 was criticized for its pesky bugs and subpar performance, particularly on older models. The iOS 11.3 update helped somewhat, but iOS 12 makes further improvements.

Accordingly, iOS 12 targets not only the latest devices, but past hardware too. Apple promises big improvements for older models, with quoted improvements for iPhone 6s Plus users of 40 percent faster app launches. Combined with 50 percent faster keyboard popup, and a camera that's up to 70 percent faster to launch, iOS is smoother than ever.

Apple claims that app launching is now twice as fast overall for all devices. Performance is already excellent on the iPhone X and 8, so don't expect major improvements there. This move is likely a response to last year's battery fiasco, which saw a performance reduction for older devices based on battery condition.

2. Apple Gets Serious About Privacy

Apple believes privacy is a fundamental human right---it says so on the iOS 12 minisite---which is why the new update makes it harder for advertisers to track users across the web.

Social media share buttons are in the firing line, with Apple promising to block a favorite tracking technique used by Facebook and others. Safari also attempts to obfuscate unique device characteristics, plus provide tracking alerts for cookies and other website data.

iOS 12 Safari cookies alert

It might not sound like much, but it's one way Apple is moving to protect its customers. It's a move that's befitting of a hardware company, since they don't have a horse in the online advertising race.

This is also a reflection of the tech world's current mood when it comes to data privacy and online advertising. With recent developments like the EU's General Data Protection Regulation, many consumers have privacy in mind.

3. A Smarter Siri

In iOS 12 you can finally assign your own voice commands to Siri. This lets you trigger app functions via a new Add to Siri hook. An app called Shortcuts lets you manage your custom commands, and you can even create other shortcuts to run multiple commands at once. These might include finding your keys, setting up a route to work, and switching off your lights.

Siri also has a deeper understanding of your routine, which it learns based on your app usage. This means more relevant suggestions on your lock screen about nearby amenities, your schedule, and even notifying you to turn off your ringer while in a movie theater.

4. ARKit 2.0 for Augmented Reality Apps

Last year's conference was dominated by news of ARKit, Apple's new API for augmented reality apps.

Developers have already put this to excellent use, with many shining examples of AR apps available on the App Store. The second version doubles down on Apple's commitment to the technology, perhaps in anticipation of an Apple-branded headset.

AR Kit 2.0

ARKit 2.0 lets multiple iOS devices interact for multiplayer AR fun, with an on-stage demo involving a virtual LEGO set and two iPads. Apple also showed off an app called Measure, which lets you measure items by dragging your finger. Though there are already apps like this in the App Store, presumably ARKit 2.0 will bring improved accuracy.

Even though there weren't any breakthrough AR moments, two WWDC events in a row have featured the technology prominently. This suggests Apple has serious AR plans it has yet to realize.

5. Memoji and Camera Effects

Remember Animoji, the iPhone X feature that lets you map your expression onto an emoji character? Memoji is similar, except you can now customize your own avatar and use that instead. This is a big deal as all three new iPhones have the True Depth camera.

iOS 12 Memoji

iOS 12 also adds four new Animoji including a koala, ghost, tiger and T-Rex. There's also brand new animated text, filters, and stickers you can use to snap videos and photos right inside Messages.

6. FaceTime Group Chat

With iOS 12 and macOS 10.14, you can now have FaceTime group chats with up to 32 people. Tiles move around the screen based on who is talking, just like Google Hangouts. You can now also use Animoji (and Memoji) or stickers while in a call.

FaceTime Group Chat

It's about time FaceTime added group chat, since Skype and other competing platforms have had the feature for years.

7. A Better Photos App

Apple has expanded on its machine learning with an improved version of Photos. You can now refine your searches with multiple keywords to better find what you're looking for. You'll also see more suggestions for groupings like recent events, places, and people.

The app gets a new For You tab in a similar vein to Apple Music, which makes suggestions based on your photo library. Unfortunately many of the more advanced features---like automatically detecting, tagging, and sharing with friends---require iCloud Photo Library.

That means you'll need to upgrade your iCloud storage in order to make use of them.

8. Screen Time, Do Not Disturb, and Grouped Notifications

iOS 12 places an emphasis on privacy in the traditional sense of the word. Apple has introduced features that make it easier to ignore your device and manage everything on it.

A new feature called Screen Time monitors how much you use your device, and exactly what you're doing with that time. It provides a nice breakdown to parents of what their children are doing with their devices, and makes it easier to curate and limit that experience.

Grouped notifications on the lock screen mean less clutter. You can expand and collapse groups, or dismiss a whole load of notifications at once. You can also 3D Touch to see controls for managing your notifications right in the lock screen, rather than having to navigate the Settings menu.

Do Not Disturb mode has also been updated with a more human approach, including location awareness settings. This means enabling DND when you leave a location, or until vague times like "this evening."

9. Lots of Other Small Updates

iOS 12 brings some small updates to boring apps too. News and Stocks merge into the same app, which means Stocks will make its way onto iPad for the first time. Voice Memos has also been ported to iPad (and macOS 10.14), with automatic iCloud syncing for recordings.

iOS 12 Stocks app

In other news, iBooks is now just "Books" and CarPlay supports third-party apps (like Google Maps or Waze) for navigation. Siri can look up more information, including cooking advice and celebrity gossip. Suggested passwords are now even stronger than before.

One super-handy tiny feature worth mentioning is that security codes for services that use two factor authentication are now AutoFill compatible. So if you're waiting to log in and you receive the text, iOS will let you tap a button without having to memorize the code or open the message. Neat.

Is Your Device Compatible With iOS 12?

Any iOS device that was compatible with iOS 11 can run iOS 12. That's another year of compatibility for owners of the iPhone 5S, iPad Air or mini 2, or iPod Touch sixth generation and newer.

How to Download iOS 12

There's no doubt that this year's OS lacks the heavy hit of a brand-new technology, service, or radical redesign. But that's not necessarily bad. Apple's renewed commitment to older devices and improving performance across the board should be reassuring for customers both old and new.

Ready to jump in? Head to Settings > General > Software Update on your device to download and install iOS 12 now. You'll need to make sure your device is charged to start the update. Don't forget to back up your iPhone first to prevent any data loss. Follow our guide to updating your iPhone for more help.