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	<title>MakeUseOf &#187; memory</title>
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		<title>Brain Workshop: A Game Scientifically Shown To Make You Smarter</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/brain-workshop-game-scientifically-shown-smarter/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/brain-workshop-game-scientifically-shown-smarter/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 02 Jul 2011 19:31:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Justin Pot</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Web Apps & Internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[brain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cross]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[game reviews]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[games]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=78699</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Improve your working memory and fluid intelligence by playing a game. This isn't some vapid marketing claim; it's the result of various scientific tests. Brain Workshop creates the exact circumstances of an activity shown in three different academic studies to improve one's short-term memory and problem solving skills.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><firstimage="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/brainworkshop-icon.png"><img class="align-right" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/brainworkshop-icon.png?323f2c" alt="free brain games" />Improve your working memory and fluid intelligence by playing a game. This isn&#8217;t some vapid marketing claim; it&#8217;s the result of various scientific tests.</p>
<p>Brain Workshop, a free brain game you can install on Linux, Window and Mac machines, creates the exact circumstances of an activity shown in three different academic studies to improve one&#8217;s short-term memory and problem solving skills. To quote the game&#8217;s website, &#8220;<em>these findings are important because fluid intelligence was previously thought to be unchangeable</em>.&#8221;</p>
<p>Don&#8217;t believe a game can improve your <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tags/brain/">brain</a>? This being a free game, it won&#8217;t cost you anything to find out.</p>
<h2>What It Does</h2>
<p>As I said, this free brain game can improve certain aspects of your mental faculties, as <a href="http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2008/04/smart_software">this 2008 article in Wired pointed out</a>. The main improvement this gives your brain is the ability to think on your feet. To quote the article,</p>
<blockquote><p><em>Fluid intelligence measures how people adapt to new situations and solve problems they&#8217;ve never seen before. Fluid intelligence differs from crystallized intelligence, which takes into account skills and knowledge that have been acquired &#8212; like vocabulary, grammar and math.</em></p></blockquote>
<p>This is significant. Before the method employed by Brain Workshop was created and tested it was assumed that fluid intelligence could not be improved.</p>
<p>Want to know more about how this process works? You can read <a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2008/04/25/0801268105.abstract">the original study</a>, if you want, or the other two <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2010.09.001">separate</a> <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICISE.2009.1124">confirmations</a>. All seem to agree that playing regularly, around 20 minutes a day, is ideal.</p>
<h2>How To Use It</h2>
<p>So what does this software look like? The best way to get an idea is to watch this video:</p>
<p><object width="580" height="430"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/C1blFZoJSuQ&amp;start=98&amp;version=3&amp;hl=en_US&amp;hd=1" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="580" height="430" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/C1blFZoJSuQ&amp;start=98&amp;version=3&amp;hl=en_US&amp;hd=1" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always"></embed></object></p>
<p>As you can tell, the game is not focused on graphics:</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/brainworkshop-main.png?323f2c" alt="free brain games" width="521" height="476" /></p>
<p>The point is to increase the function of your memory. In each round, a square shows up in a particular part of the grid, and a letter is read aloud. You must keep track of what letters are read and where the square was when they were read, then find matches later. If you find a match you press one or two keys in order to point out what you&#8217;ve found. The default mode, Dual 2-Back, means you must remember what was on the board two rounds ago.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/brainworkshop-score.png?323f2c" alt="brain games fun" width="580" height="156" /></p>
<p>Do well and you&#8217;ll hear some nifty music. You are scored after each game, and will move up to harder versions of the game as you improve. The step after Dual 2-Back, for example, is Dual 3-Back. This means you must match squares and letters from three rounds ago. This, to me, is a great deal harder, but I imagine it will seem easy if I ever get to Dual-16 Back.</p>
<h2>Download</h2>
<p>You can download Brain Workshop <a href="http://brainworkshop.sourceforge.net/download.html">here</a>, if you&#8217;re interested. It works on Linux, Windows and Intel/PPC Macs. The main interface might be a little foreign to some users, because it&#8217;s keyboard driven instead of mouse driven. Having said that, it&#8217;s not too hard to figure this out.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/brainworkshop-menu.png?323f2c" alt="free brain games" width="521" height="214" /></p>
<p>Similar, albeit not academically researched, ideas include:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/6-online-riddle-games-glued-computer/">6 Online Riddle Games to Keep You Glued To Your Computer</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/10-websites-puzzles-brain-teasers-and-riddles/">10 Websites With Brain Teasers and Riddles</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/muo-games-4-web-games-to-kick-start-your-brain/">4 Web Games To Kick Start Your Brain</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Let us know how much smarter you become in the comments below, or please do recommend other free brain games you may know about.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>6</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>3 Steps You Can Take To Reduce The Firefox 4 Memory Leak</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/3-steps-reduce-firefox-4-memory-leak/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/3-steps-reduce-firefox-4-memory-leak/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:31:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Tina Sieber</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Browser Tips & Tricks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[firefox]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[firefox tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=77570</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[One major issue with Firefox 4 is that it swallows up more RAM than any other version before it. Its memory usage has become almost abusive and working with a browser that turns your computer into a snail is no fun. If you are looking for ways to tame the beast, I may have some clues! In this article I will show you 3 steps to reduce and limit the chunk Firefox bites off your RAM.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><firstimage="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/firefox.jpg"><img class="align-right" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/firefox.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="firefox memory leak" />Since the introduction of <a title="MakeUseOf Tag: Chrome" href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tags/chrome/">Chrome</a> and the advancement of <a title="MakeUseOf Tag: Internet Explorer" href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tags/internet-explorer/">Internet Explorer</a> to version 9, <a title="MakeUseOf Tag: Firefox" href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tags/firefox/">Firefox</a> has been losing ground rapidly. Innovation is lacking and problems are amassing. One major issue is that Firefox 4 swallows up more RAM than any other version before it. Its memory usage has become almost abusive and working with a browser that turns your computer into a snail is no fun.</p>
<p>If you are looking for ways to tame the beast, I may have some clues! In this article I will show you 3 steps to reduce and limit the chunk Firefox bites off your RAM. I will start with the obvious, but in the last step, we will dive deep into the heart of your browser.</p>
<h2>Prologue</h2>
<p>I have been using Firefox for many years and have carried over my profile from each version and computer to the next. Over the years, I have accumulated hundreds of bookmarks, dozens of extensions (most disabled), and several plugins. So by version 4, Firefox has grown to a respectable size. You could call it a monster.</p>
<p>To show you that the tips I&#8217;m sharing do have an effect, I have documented how memory usage improved on my machine as I went from one step to the next. Unfortunately, I found that Firefox leaks memory, thus I recorded the value after a few minutes, even though in all cases it continued to increase. This is not 100% exact, but it still gives you a good idea of how well each step works.</p>
<p><strong>Counting:</strong> 29 open tabs, 31 extensions</p>
<p><strong>State of affairs:</strong> 700,740K</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/FirefoxMemoryUsage01.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="firefox memory leak" /></p>
<h2>1. Close Or Hibernate Tabs</h2>
<p>In case you didn&#8217;t know this already, the outrageous amount of memory Firefox uses, correlates with the even more outrageous amount of open tabs you cannot get yourself to close. Unfortunately, the easiest way to save a lot of RAM, is to close a lot of tabs.</p>
<p>If you cannot close all of them for the love of it, how about managing your tabs with the help of one of the following extensions:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong><a title="BarTab" href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/bartab/">BarTab<br />
</a></strong>Loads a tab only when it is visited and lets you unload tabs from memory either manually or automatically.</li>
<li><strong><a title="Memory Fox" href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/memory-fox/">Memory Fox</a></strong><br />
Fixes Firefox memory leaks and releases RAM.</li>
<li><strong><a title="Load Tabs Progressively" href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/load-tabs-progressively/">Load Tabs Progressively<br />
</a></strong>Limits the number of concurrent loading tabs. Similar to BarTab.</li>
<li><strong><a title="TabGroups Manager" href="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tabgroups-manager/">TabGroups Manager</a></strong><br />
Allows you to organize tabs in groups and hibernate groups, removing them from memory.</li>
</ul>
<p>Personally, I work with TabGroups Manager. The extension helps me to keep the amount of open tabs at bay, and this is how I could remove 13 tabs from memory all at once.</p>
<p>For more about tabs, see this article: <a title="The 5 Best Firefox 4 Addons For Tabbed Browsing" href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/5-firefox-4-addons-tabs/">The 5 Best Firefox 4 Addons For Tabbed Browsing</a>.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/FirefoxMemoryUsage03.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="firefox memory hog" /></p>
<p><strong>Counting:</strong> 16 open tabs, 31 extensions</p>
<p><strong>Memory usage:</strong> 496,860K</p>
<h2>2. Remove Add-Ons</h2>
<p>Running add-ons, i.e. extensions, themes, or plugins, eat up quite a bit of RAM. So go through your collection and remove those that you never use. Before entirely removing them, you can disable them and see whether that significantly improves the memory leak. Go to &gt; <em>Firefox</em> &gt; <em>Add-ons</em> and switch between &gt; <em>Extensions</em> &gt; <em>Appearance</em> and &gt; <em>Plugins</em>. Be sure to update them via the &gt; <em>Tools for all add-ons</em> button.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/FirefoxMemoryUsage02.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="firefox memory hog" /></p>
<p><strong>Counting:</strong> 16 open tabs, 21 extensions</p>
<p><strong>Memory usage:</strong> 443,916K</p>
<h2>3. About:Config Hacks</h2>
<p>There are several very potent hacks that control how much memory Firefox can or will use. None of them had a huge effect in my demonstration, but your results may vary.</p>
<h3>Limit Firefox&#8217; RAM usage</h3>
<p>Type &gt; <em>about:config</em> into the URL bar, promise to be careful, and scroll to &gt; <em>browser.cache.disk.capacity</em>. The default value depends on how much RAM you have installed. Double-click it to change the value. Do not limit the RAM usage too aggressively, especially not below the amount of RAM Firefox is using as you apply this hack, so be sure to check first! In my case around 400,000K was a realistic value.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/FirefoxMemoryUsage04.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="firefox memory leak" /></p>
<h3>Allow Windows to Claim Back RAM when Firefox is Minimized</h3>
<p>With this hack enabled, Windows will be able to claim back RAM more aggressively. In &gt; <em>about:config</em> right-click anywhere and select &gt; <em>New</em> &gt; <em>Boolean</em> and enter &gt; <em>config.trim_on_minimize</em> as the preference name. Double-click the new entry to set its value to &gt; <em>true</em>. Restart Firefox to enable the changes.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/FirefoxMemoryUsage05.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="firefox memory leak" /></p>
<h3>Limit Memory Storage for Open Tabs</h3>
<p>The last about:config preference we are going to look at is &gt; browser.sessionhistory.max_total_viewers. The default value is -1, which will automatically determine the maximum amount of pages stored in memory, based on the total amount of RAM. In other word, the bigger your RAM and the more tabs you have open, the bigger the chunk that Firefox will take. You can set this value to zero to not store any pages in memory or to 1 for 32MB, 2 for 64MB, 3 for 128MB etc.</p>
<p>More information about this preference can be found in the <a title="browser.sessionhistory.max_total_viewers" href="http://kb.mozillazine.org/Browser.sessionhistory.max_total_viewers">mozillaZine</a>. I went with 3 for 128MB.</p>
<p><strong>Status:</strong> No change in tabs or add-ons, all hacks applied.</p>
<p><strong>Memory usage:</strong> ~400,000K (maximized) and ~350,000 (minimized)</p>
<h2>Epilogue</h2>
<p>All steps brought some improvement, but the end result was still not very satisfying. Besides, the real problem with Firefox 4 is the memory leak, which in my case was mainly caused by open tabs. Firefox&#8217; memory usage would climb on and on with no way to stop it, other than to close all tabs. When I closed all tabs except for one, Firefox used about 230,000K. With a virgin profile, memory usage went down to around 48,000K; finally a realistic value, but sadly with almost every little bit of customization removed.</p>
<p><strong>Status:</strong> virgin Firefox profile, 1 tab open</p>
<p><strong>Memory usage:</strong> ~48,000K</p>
<p>The conclusion is that Firefox has a problem, but if you love your  open tabs and add-ons, you will have to put up with it. If you  prefer a lean and fast browser however, simply ditch everything, create a new profile, and be  very restrictive with what you add.</p>
<p>Finally, you may also want to try the tips from this article: <a title="5 Things To Do When Firefox Runs Slow But Other Browsers Run Fast" href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/5-firefox-runs-slow-browsers-run-fast/">5 Things To Do When Firefox Runs Slow But Other Browsers Run Fast</a>.</p>
<p>So what are you going to do? Hold on to your stuff or browse lightly?</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>44</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>3 Cool Ways To Use SD Memory Cards</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/3-cool-ways-sd-memory-cards/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/3-cool-ways-sd-memory-cards/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 May 2011 15:31:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Matt Smith</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware & Gadgets]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[geeks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sd cards]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[storage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[usb drives]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=75520</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[SD memory cards are one of the most common forms of mobile storage, but they also tend to be very specific in their purpose. On their own, these cards tend to be less useful than USB thumb drives and portable hard drives. That doesn’t have to be the case though. There are quite a few cool ways to re-purpose old SD cards and drag some extra life out of them.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><firstimage="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/sdcardalthumb.png"><img class="align-right" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/sdcardalthumb.png?323f2c" alt="sd memory cards" />SD memory cards are one of the most common forms of mobile storage, but they also tend to be very specific in their purpose. They’re great when used with devices like smartphones and cameras because their thin profile and high storage capacity makes it possible to keep these devices slim. On their own however, these cards tend to be less useful than USB thumb drives and portable hard drives.</p>
<p>That doesn’t have to be the case though. There are quite a few cool ways to re-purpose old SD memory cards and drag some extra life out of them.</p>
<h2>Convert To A USB Drive</h2>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/sdcardalt1.jpg?323f2c" alt="sd memory cards" width="444" height="462" /></p>
<p>The reason why SD cards can be a bit unwieldy is simply the format. These memory cards come in many different sizes, which fit into different slots on a computer. Some computers have support for many types of memory cards, but some don’t support any cards at all. Desktop computers are particularly bad about this.</p>
<p>Fortunately, you can side-step any such compatibility issues by simply turning your SD card into a USB drive. It doesn’t require any fancy tricks, just an SD card to USB adapter that’s compatible with the card you have. You’ll find these at local and online electronics retailers with a typical price tag of around $10.</p>
<p>Once you have converted the SD card to a USB drive, <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/pages/download-guide-to-a-usb-thumb-drive">a world of possibilities opens up</a>. You <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/portable-software-usb/">can load mobile applications</a>, use the drive for <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/encrypt-your-usb-stick-with-truecrypt-60/">encrypted storage</a>, and do anything else you could do with a USB thumb drive. That’s not to say some of these options aren’t available on stock SD memory cards, but converting the card to USB makes it possible to use it with a wider variety of PCs and programs.</p>
<h2><strong>Create A Boot Drive</strong></h2>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/sdcardalt2.png?323f2c" alt="uses for sd memory cards" width="544" height="404" /></p>
<p>SD cards are quick, so they make a good candidate for a boot drive. Not every computer will present you with the option of booting from an SD card (you’ll have to check your BIOS) but if the option is available, your SD card could become the host of an alternative operating system.</p>
<p>It’s possible to run Windows (with <a href="http://wintoflash.com/overview/en/">WinToFlash</a>) or <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BeVcHpzVjFw&amp;feature=related">Mac OS X</a> off a SD card, but both of these operating systems require a fair amount of space, so it’s unlikely an older memory card will be able to accommodate them. A Linux variant is always a good option, and one of the easier programs for installing to your memory card is <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/install-linux-with-ease-using-unetbootin/">UNetBootin</a>. It&#8217;s possible to install an OS to not only an SD card that&#8217;s by itself, but also an SD card that is in another device. I can boot Linux on my PC off my HTC Thunderbolt phone, for example.</p>
<p>Of course, if your computer is having trouble booting off the SD card, you can always just slap it into a USB adapter as suggested above. That should make your memory card bootable by most PCs.</p>
<h2>Geek Accessories</h2>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/sdcardalt3.jpg?323f2c" alt="sd memory cards" width="524" height="320" /></p>
<p>Like USB thumb drives, SD memory cards are a great candidate for wearable data storage because they’re small, they’re lightweight, and they’re durable. In fact, a card is often smaller and lighter than a thumb drive, so it’s really the best choice.</p>
<p>There are many different ways to convert an SD card to something wearable or pocket-able. Perhaps the best option is a <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Fashionable-Universal-Lanyard-Electronics-Accessories/dp/B002Q4124Q/ref=sr_1_2?s=wireless&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1305174309&amp;sr=1-2">necklace lanyard or holder</a>. This lets you keep you keep the card accessible at all times, but the card remains out of the way and safe from danger, and can also be hidden beneath your shirt or jacket easily (hey, a 32GB card isn’t cheap).</p>
<p>Alternatively, you can forego the wearable option and just go with a <a href="http://sdcardholder.com/WP/multi-sim-card-holder-with-micro-sd-card-slots/">keychain</a> or wallet option. Although less visible and accessible, these options may be more practical, and often can hold multiple cards at once.</p>
<h2><strong>Conclusion</strong></h2>
<p>There are many other ways to use SD cards, but I’ve focused on methods that actually keep the cards usable. Recreating the Mona Lisa with memory cards might be geek-cool, but probably isn’t practical.</p>
<p>Feel free to leave comments with your own ideas of cool ways to use SD cards.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>11</slash:comments>
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		<title>How To Create Your Own Expandable Memory For Your iPhone, iPad, Or iPod Touch</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/create-expandable-memory-iphone-ipad-ipod-touch/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/create-expandable-memory-iphone-ipad-ipod-touch/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 19 Nov 2010 23:31:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Bakari Chavanu</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cool Mac Apps & Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ipad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ipad tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iphone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iphone tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ipod touch]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=58558</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Compared to the classic 160 gigabyte iPods, the amount of storage in the top of the line iPhone seems no bigger than a gym locker. If you don&#8217;t know, the largest size iPhone 4 model you can purchase has just 32GB of available memory space and it&#8217;s 64 gigabytes for the iPad and iPod Touch. Throw [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><firstimage="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/shutterstock_2705537-copy.jpg"><img class="align-left" style="border: 0px none; margin-left: 20px; margin-top: 5px; float: right;" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/shutterstock_2705537-copy.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="expandable memory for iphone" width="190" height="243" />Compared to the classic 160 gigabyte iPods, the amount of storage in the top of the line <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tags/iphone">iPhone</a> seems no bigger than a gym locker. If you don&#8217;t know, the largest size iPhone 4 model you can purchase has just 32GB of available memory space and it&#8217;s 64 gigabytes for the iPad and iPod Touch. Throw in a hefty sized collection of MP3 songs, movies or television shows, podcasts, and document files, and you may start to think you&#8217;re not getting your money&#8217;s worth for these iOS devices.</p>
<p>Unfortunately, there seems to be no way to expand the memory on these devices or add an external hard drive as you can with your computer. However, as an owner of all three iOS devices, I&#8217;ve always purchased the bottom line of each model. I currently use an 8GB iPhone 3G and a 16GB Wi-Fi iPad, and I never long for a larger memory drive. The reason why? Simply put, cloud computing.</p>
<p><span id="more-58558"></span><br />
The best way to expand the memory on your iOS device, almost like adding an external drive to your computer, is to take advantage of web-based storage services and applications that of course only require a Wi-Fi or 3G connection to access your data.</p>
<p>The following are some suggestions for apps and services you can use with your iOS device to expand its memory, so to speak. If you&#8217;re not quite sure about how much memory space you&#8217;re using in your device, simply tap the <em>Settings app &gt; General &gt; About</em>. From there, you will get a breakdown of the number of songs, videos, photos, and applications you have on your device, as well as how much memory space you have available.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/IMG_1284.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="expandable memory for iphone" width="580" height="276" /></p>
<p>You can get the same information after connecting your device to your iTunes application.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/capacityitunes.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="expandable memory for iphone" width="580" height="96" /></p>
<h2>ZumoCast &amp; Zumo Drive</h2>
<p>Songs, movies, and photos probably take up most of the space on Apple&#8221;˜s hand-held devices. But unless you travel a lot and have a hard time getting Wi-Fi or 3G access, you shouldn&#8217;t have to import hundreds of songs or movie files on your device. With a free web-streaming program and app called <a href="http://www.zumocast.com/">Zumocast</a>, you can have access to all the media content on your computer from anywhere via Wi-Fi or 3G. This application is like adding unlimited storage space &#8211; as you would an external drive to your computer &#8211; to your mobile device. See <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/access-media-collection-browser-zumocast/">Justin&#8217;s MUO article</a> on how to set up and use Zumocast.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/IMG_1285.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="upgrade iphone memory" width="434" height="288" /></p>
<p>Now if you concerned about having to leave your computer on in order to access your data files, you can use <a href="http://www.zumodrive.com/">ZumoDrive</a> instead to upload data to the ZumoDrive server where it can be accessed for free. This <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/zumodrive-cloud-storage-service-with-a-twist/">cloud storage service and app</a> adds up to 2GB of storage space to your device. To find out more about the differences between ZumoCast and ZumoDrive, check  out this <a href="http://blog.zumodrive.com/zumodrive-vs-zumocast">blog post</a>.</p>
<h2>Dropbox &amp; Evernote</h2>
<p>I would imagine all savvy computer users know about <a href="https://www.dropbox.com">Dropbox</a> and <a href="http://www.evernote.com/">Evernote</a>, but I meet iPhone users all the time who don&#8217;t have a clue about theses web-based storage services and apps. With a Dropbox account, it&#8217;s like adding up to 2 gigabytes of storage to your mobile device. You can selectively store any kind of media, including audio and movie files, and you can retrieve your stored content via a free <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/evernote/id281796108?mt=8">Dropbox app</a> (iTunes Store link) on your device. Dropbox is like having an Home folder on your computer.</p>
<p>With the latest version of the Dropbox app, when you select and star individual files, you can access them offline.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/IMG_12861.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="upgrade iphone memory" width="580" height="286" /></p>
<p>In addition, Dropbox allows you to export say a PDF or Word file to another supported application on your device. This way, you&#8217;re only adding content to your device when you need it. All your other content stays in your cloud account on Dropbox&#8217;s server.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/IMG_1287.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="upgrade iphone memory" width="443" height="351" /></p>
<p>Evernote works pretty much the same way as Dropbox, though it&#8217;s limited to text, image, and voice recording files. ï»¿With an Evernote account and <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/evernote/id281796108?mt=8">app</a> (iTunes Store link), you can add up 25MB of data per month for free and access it also through your mobile device.</p>
<p>See my article on the <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/dropbox-finder-ipad-mac/">Dropbox for the iPad</a> for specific how-tos on using the mobile version of the app. And see Umar&#8217;s <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/7-ways-to-make-use-of-evernote/">article</a> of tips on using the Evernote.</p>
<h2>Google &amp; Picasa Album</h2>
<p>If you need more space on your iOS device for photos, you can use <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/picasa-101-thinking-outside-the-box/">Google&#8217;s Picasa Web Album</a> service and <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/dropbox/id327630330?mt=8">Google Mobile application</a> (iTunes Store link). Though this service and app is web-based, requiring Wi-Fi and 3G access, it&#8217;s like adding 1GB of external storage space to your mobile device. This option is not robust as Evernote and Dropbox, but it&#8221;˜s very useful for when you would like to have access to particular files without bothering to physically add them to your device.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/IMG_1288.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="iphone memory" width="580" height="267" /></p>
<p>There are of course paid options for expanding the storage capacity of the above services and apps. Apple&#8221;˜s own $99/year <a href="http://www.apple.com/mobileme/pricing/">MobileMe</a> cloud service would enable you to access up to 20GB of file storage via your mobile device.</p>
<p>While none of these options get you near the 160 gigabytes of space on a classic iPod, they do keep you from having to weigh down your iPhone, iPod touch, or iPad device with files you don&#8217;t regularly use but would like to have access to when needed. Cloud apps and services also mean you don&#8217;t have to make a wired connection to your device in order to access or store media files.</p>
<p>Lastly, with Apples latest iOS 4.0 update, your mobile devices can make Bluetooth connections to your computer, Bluetooth speaker devices and AppleTV, which provides you with additional ways to access media without eating up memory.</p>
<p>So what do you think about the memory capacity of your Apple hand-held hardware? Are you always running out of space? How do you deal with storage capacity issues? We would like to know.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/create-expandable-memory-iphone-ipad-ipod-touch/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>22</slash:comments>
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		<title>What Is The Difference Between DDR2 &amp; DDR3 RAM [Technology Explained]</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/difference-ddr2-ddr3-ram-technology-explained/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/difference-ddr2-ddr3-ram-technology-explained/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Sep 2010 15:31:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Matt Smith</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware & Gadgets]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MakeUseOf Explains]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[technology explained]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=52913</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[RAM, or Random Access Memory, is your computer&#8217;s short term memory. If your computer needs information and does not find the RAM, it then needs to journey to the hard drive to try and retrieve the data, which is far more time consuming. Many older computers that feel sluggish can be given new life if upgraded with [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><firstimage="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/ddrramthumbnail.jpg"><img class="align-left" style="border: 0px none; margin-left: 20px; margin-top: 5px; float: right;" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/ddrramthumbnail.jpg?323f2c" alt="ddr memory" width="300" height="198" />RAM, or <strong>R</strong>andom <strong>A</strong>ccess <strong>M</strong>emory, is your computer&#8217;s short term memory. If your computer needs information and does not find the RAM, it then needs to journey to the <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/all-the-tools-you-need-to-predict-the-death-of-your-hard-drive/">hard drive</a> to try and retrieve the data, which is far more time consuming. Many older computers that feel sluggish can be given new life if upgraded with additional RAM.</p>
<p>However, capacity is only one specification. RAM is also available in a variety of versions and speeds. A 2GB stick of DDR2 800 RAM is not the same thing as a 2GB stick of DDR3 1333 RAM. Understanding the difference is important because computers will generally accept only certain types of RAM.</p>
<p><span id="more-52913"></span><br />
Let&#8217;s take a look at the different types of DDR memory on the market and how they are different from each other.</p>
<h2>The Big Issue: DDR2 vs DDR3</h2>
<p>In late 2008, Intel released the first Core i7 processors. These processors were paired with a new motherboard chipset called X58. This chipset introduced the need for a new type of memory called DDR3.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" style="border: 0pt none;" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/ddrram1.jpg?323f2c" alt="what is the difference between ddr2 and ddr3"/></p>
<p>In the last two years the entire industry has converted over to DDR3. All of Intel&#8217;s new processors can only be used with a motherboard that requires DDR3. Recent AMD motherboards are also changing over to DDR3.</p>
<p>The term &#8220;DDR&#8221; stands for <strong>D</strong>ouble <strong>D</strong>ata <strong>R</strong>ate RAM. This term came into use at the turn of the century when the first Double Data Rate RAM modules arrived. Double Data Rate RAM was capable of two data transfers per clock cycle, giving it twice the theoretical peak bandwidth of previous SDRAM while running at the same clock speed.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/ddrram2.jpg?323f2c" alt="difference between ddr2 and ddr3" width="350" height="220" /></p>
<p>DDR2 and DDR3 are improvements on the same technology and further increase the number of data transfers per clock cycle. DDR2 RAM provides 4 data transfers per cycle, while DDR3 increases the number to 8. Assuming a base clock speed of 100Mhz, DDR RAM will provide 1600 MB/s of Bandwidth, DDR2 provides 3200 MB/s, and DDR3 provides 6400 MB/s. More is always better!</p>
<h2>Performance &amp; Compatibility Consequences</h2>
<p>Does this mean you&#8217;ll notice a big difference between DDR2 and DDR3 systems? Well, maybe not. While the increase in memory bandwidth is great, the truth is that 99% of programs are not capable of creating a workload that will be restricted by memory bandwidth. The issue is most relevant to server and workstation class products.</p>
<p>To see a difference in performance you&#8217;ll usually need to use a <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/5-free-benchmark-programs/">benchmark program</a> capable of testing memory bandwidth.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/ddr3ram.jpg?323f2c" alt="ddr ram" width="480" height="209" /></p>
<p>However, purchasing DDR2 or DDR3 RAM isn&#8217;t usually a matter of preference. DDR2 and DDR3 RAM are not compatible. If your motherboard uses DDR2, <em>you cannot upgrade to DDR3 without upgrading your motherboard</em>. This means that if you currently own a computer with DDR2 RAM and you want to upgrade to a brand new processor and motherboard you have to throw your your perfectly good DDR2 RAM and buy new DDR3 RAM.</p>
<p>There are a few motherboards which are exceptions to this rule, but they are exceptions only because they provide both DDR2 and DDR3 RAM slots, and these exceptions are available only on older chipsets.</p>
<p>I know &#8211; it&#8217;s a bummer, but there isn&#8217;t much you can do about it. Both Intel and AMD have committed to DDR3 RAM for future products, so you&#8217;ll be forced to either buy new RAM and deal with your computer becoming a dinosaur.</p>
<h2>Clock Speed &#8211; The Other Part Of The Equation</h2>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/ddrram4.jpg?323f2c" alt="ddr memory" width="399" height="284" /></p>
<p>Another important specification to consider when looking at RAM is the clock speed. Clock speed is an indication of how well the RAM will perform in much the same way that clock speed indicates how well a processor will perform, and it is part of the equation that determines the maximum theoretical peak bandwidth of memory. A higher clock speed is better. However, as I mentioned previously, this is a difference that is unlikely to be noticeable in normal daily use. The typical enthusiast won&#8217;t see much benefit from memory with a higher clock speed.</p>
<p>With that said, there are motherboards that only accept memory within a limited range of clock speeds. It is always a good idea to consult a motherboard manufacturer&#8217;s website to double-check the RAM that is compatible. Motherboards are usually very flexible in this regard, but it is better to be safe than sorry.</p>
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<p>The bad news is that the invention of DDR3 is making DDR2 obsolete by force. I have four sticks of spare DDR2 memory that are no longer capable of finding a home in a new system, even a low-power <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/using-your-linux-computer-as-a-media-center-part-1/">HTPC </a>or office computer, because of the change. The good news is that new RAM technology is at least several years off, so DDR3 purchased today should be good for a while. Just be sure to check the type of RAM a new motherboard requires before purchasing RAM to go with it!</p>
<p><em>Credit for the third image goes to </em><a href="http://techreport.com/"><em>The Tech Report</em></a><em>, one of my favorite hardware websites. Please visit them and check out their in-depth reviews!</em></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>26</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>10 Things To Know About Digital Camera Memory Cards</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/digital-camera-memory-cards/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/digital-camera-memory-cards/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Mar 2010 19:31:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Bakari Chavanu</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware & Gadgets]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[digicam]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[photography]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=38422</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Over the past ten years of the digital photography revolution, digital camera memory cards have become increasingly more affordable and larger. They are the film of digital photography, but thankfully a lot less expensive. So what is the least you should know about digital camera memory cards? Here are my recommendations. 1. Types of Cards [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><firstimage="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/memory-cards-1.jpg" /><img class="align-left" style="margin-right: 20px;" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/memory-cards-1.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="memory-cards-1.jpg" vspace="5" width="240" height="180" align="left" />Over the past ten years of the digital photography revolution, digital camera memory cards have become increasingly more affordable and larger. They are the film of digital photography, but thankfully a lot less expensive.</p>
<p>So what is the least you should know about digital camera memory cards? Here are my recommendations.</p>
<p><span id="more-38422"></span></p>
<h3><strong>1. Types of Cards</strong></h3>
<p>There are three broad and popular types of memory cards for digital cameras:  CompactFlash (CS), Secure Digital (SD), and SmartMedia (SM). There are other variations of these cards, but the important thing to know, of course, is which type of card your digital camera uses.</p>
<p>For consumer cameras, only one type of card can be used, while a few of the top of the line professional DSLR cameras might allow for using both Compact and SM cards at the same time. It&#8217;s probably best to stick to reputable memory card makers, which include Sandisk, Fuji, Lexa, Delkin, Viking, and Kingston.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/memorycardtypes.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="digital camera memory card tips" width="570" height="378" /></p>
<h3><strong>2. Memory Capacity</strong></h3>
<p>Since most digital cameras on the market today start at 8 megapixels and higher, I recommend that your memory cards be at least 2 gigabytes or larger. A 2 gig SD card, for example, on my 12 megapixel Canon Powershot G9 can hold about 380 large JPEG size photos, but if I choose to shoot RAW format photos, that 2 gig card can only hold about 117 photos. If you on plan on shooting RAW photos with a 8+ megapixel camera, definitely use 4-8GB memory cards. The 256MB card that might have come with your new camera will not be large enough for most typical shoots.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/memorysize.gif?323f2c" border="0" alt="digital camera memory cards tips" width="365" height="345" /></p>
<p>After you insert your memory card into your camera, take a photo and then check the data on the camera&#8217;s LCD screen to see how many images your card can hold based on the shooting mode (JPEG, RAW, TIFF, or Movie) that you&#8217;re shooting. Also check the file size of the photo to how large each file might be on average.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/B000J5LA9Q_pt03.gif?323f2c" border="0" alt="B000J5LA9Q_pt03.gif" width="533" height="265" /></p>
<h3><strong>3. Number of Shots</strong></h3>
<p>The type of shooting you do can impact how many images your memory card can hold. Your camera may tell you that the card can hold 380 images, but depending on the exposure settings and resolution sizes for each image taken, the file sizes can vary, though not significantly.</p>
<h3><strong>4. Keep a Backup</strong></h3>
<p>Always keep a spare backup digital camera memory card. If your camera included a rudimentary small size memory card, tuck that card away in your camera bag and keep it solely as a backup. If you&#8217;re using a 35mm camera with a nice size shoulder strap, you can purchase a small card holder attachment for your backup card. Thus if for any reason you fill up your main card(s) or forget to put your memory card back into your camera, you have the backup card with at all times. When you use that backup card, immediately put it back where you carry it for future use.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/IMG_8092.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="IMG_8092.JPG" width="570" height="515" /></p>
<h3><strong>5. Format Your Cards</strong></h3>
<p>You should always format your memory cards on your camera. Never erase them on your computer. Erasing a few photos at a time on your memory card is okay, but you frequently to reformat your card, especially after you have shot and exported a large number of photos to your computer.</p>
<h3><strong>6. Card Capacity</strong></h3>
<p>Avoid filling your card up to its capacity. If your card can hold 380 JPEG photos, you might want only shoot up to 350 images. Feeling a card to its capacity might cause the card to get corrupted.</p>
<h3><strong>7. Card Speed</strong></h3>
<p>If you&#8217;re concerned about the speed of your digital card, you will want to check out its transfer rate. Cards can record images at rates of 4x, 10x, 40x, etc. Professional DSLR cameras need to faster capture rates than compact cards. See <a href="http://www.digicaminfo.btinternet.co.uk/memorycards.htm">here for some information</a> about memory card speeds.</p>
<h3><strong>8. Single Card vs. Many</strong></h3>
<p>If you&#8217;re shooting a wedding or important travel photos where you only have one opportunity to capture images, avoid using large 8-16GB cards to hold all your photos. Memory cards can and do fail. If you put all your eggs into one basket, so to speak, you might end up losing all your photos.</p>
<p>If you&#8217;re in the field, it&#8217;s a good idea to have a portable memory card reader and capture device that you can use to copy your cards to. Personally, I don&#8217;t like deleting images from my memory cards until I have them backed up at least twice. And even then, I might not reformat/erase images on the cards until my next photo shoot.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/reformatng.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="reformatng.JPG" width="570" height="520" /></p>
<h3><strong>9. Removing Cards</strong></h3>
<p>Of course you should never remove a card from a camera while it&#8217;s writing images to it. It&#8217;s best to turn off your camera and then pull out the card from its slot. With smaller SD cards, you also notice if there is outside damage being done to the card when it is inserted and removed from the camera.</p>
<h3><strong>10. Card Holder</strong></h3>
<p>If you have several cards for high level shooting, you should not only keep them secure in a memory card holder, but you should also label them with your name and phone number, and even number them for when you&#8217;re shooting important events in which you might need to frequently change cards.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/cardholder.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="cardholder.jpg" width="570" height="429" /></p>
<p>Though in the last eight or so years that I have been shooting with digital cameras, I have never personally had a card fail on me, but cards do get corrupted. But when that happens, try not to panic. MUO has run several articles on <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/how-to-recover-data-from-a-corrupt-memory-card-or-usb-drive/">image</a><a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/retrieve-deleted-pictures-from-your-camera-with-pc-inspector-smart-recovery-windows/"> recovery</a> <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/restore-your-deleted-files-easily-with-recuva/">software</a> that you should bookmark and be aware of.</p>
<p>Let us know your experiences with digital camera memory cards. Have you had a card fail on you? Do you tend to shoot with large size cards or do you prefer shooting with several mid-size cards? Let us know your recommendations.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>6</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Test Your Computer&#8217;s Memory For Errors with Memtest</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/memtest-awesome-tool-test-computers-memory-errors/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/memtest-awesome-tool-test-computers-memory-errors/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Mar 2010 17:31:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Varun Kashyap</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cool Software Apps]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[live CD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pc maintenance]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=39249</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A few days back one of my computers decided to act up. Sometimes Windows would boot and function well for some time after which applications would fail to start or crash. Other times Windows would not boot without resetting multiple times. Obviously, almost instinctively I attributed the trouble to Windows. Ran a couple of scans [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><firstimage="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/ramlogo.jpg" /><img class="align-left" style="margin-right: 20px;" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/ramlogo.jpg?323f2c" alt="" vspace="5" align="left" />A few days back one of my computers decided to act up. Sometimes Windows would boot and function well for some time after which  applications would fail to start or crash. Other times Windows would not boot without resetting multiple times.</p>
<p>Obviously, almost instinctively I attributed the trouble to Windows. Ran a couple of scans and diagnostics and they all came out clean. Fed up of the problems and not being able to resolve them I decided to go ahead and install Linux alongside. Half an hour later I was ready to bid a much wanted goodbye to all the troubles. However, about 10-15 minutes into the session,  applications started quitting unexpectedly or failed to start altogether.</p>
<p><span id="more-39249"></span><br />
It was not a Windows problem after all. Now I was almost certain that it was  a hardware issue. Having already scanned the hard disk, I didn&#8217;t know what to check next. Then on a random reboot I noticed the memtest86 entry on the GRUB menu. It has always been there whenever you install Ubuntu, yet I had completely forgotten about it. So I decided to give it a whirl and viola, one of the RAM sticks was found to be the miscreant!</p>
<p>Memtest as it turns out is an excellent solution for conducting a computer memory test, only its a little too advanced for the average user. Let&#8217;s attempt to demystify some of the options that you can make use of if time demands so.</p>
<p>First off you need to download <a href="http://www.memtest86.com/">Memtest</a> and I would suggest burning the bootable ISO image onto a CD. That is perhaps the easiest way to use Memtest. Owing to its popularity and usefulness, Memtest is also included on a number of Live CDs including the likes of Ubuntu and <a href="http://www.sysresccd.org/">System Rescue CD</a>.</p>
<p>Once you have the CD ready, pop it in and let the computer boot from it. Depending on whether you are using the Memtest ISO or one of the other Live CDs you will be taken to Memtest directly or you would have to invoke it via one of the options. Here is how to invoke it on the Ubuntu Live CD:</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/ubuntuinvoke.png?323f2c" alt="computer memory test" width="342" height="271" /></p>
<p>In either case, once Memtest has been invoked, it starts running computer memory tests straight away without asking questions of any sort. It displays a basic memory information in the upper left hand corner, information on the currently running tests in the upper right hand corner and overall test results just below them (only errors are displayed). Towards the bottom you can find the means to interact with Memtest.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/memtestinterface.png?323f2c" alt="computer memory test" width="540" height="301" /></p>
<p>You can reboot any time using the ESC key and Lock/Unlock scrolling to view the errors if there are too many of them. Enabling the scroll lock also pauses the tests till you disable it. Hitting &#8216;c&#8217; would take you to the configuration menu and allows you to customize a variety of settings and parameters. You can choose from amongst various tests. The detailed description of the tests and what kinds of issues they detect is available <a href="http://www.memtest86.com/tech.html#descri">here</a>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/memtestsettings.png?323f2c" alt="computer memory test" width="275" height="245" /></p>
<p>Via the settings menu, you can also customize the memory address range that should be tested. Its best you  leave it to the full memory scan especially on the first scan, then you can use custom values, depending on the errors you get to test only the bad addresses. In addition you can change error display options and redraw the screen. Frankly these are the bits that you should be concerned about. If you need to go into the advanced options, you probably already know a lot about Memtest!</p>
<p>Memtest is an excellent tool to keep in your virtual troubleshooting toolbox. Although such memory errors like I encountered are rare, they do leave you clueless as to what&#8217;s giving way. A quick memory scan can either rule that out or point you towards the problem straightaway.</p>
<p>Let us know what you think of the Memtest computer memory test or if you have a preferred alternative.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
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		<title>5 Cool Firefox About:Config Hacks To Make Browsing Smoother</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/top-5-aboutconfig-hacks-firefox-browsing-smoother/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/top-5-aboutconfig-hacks-firefox-browsing-smoother/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Jan 2010 21:36:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Abhigyan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Browser Tips & Tricks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[How-To Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[browser tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[browsers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[browsing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[firefox]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[firefox tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hacks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[internet speed]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[search results]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[speedup]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=32873</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[There&#8217;s no doubt in anybody&#8217;s mind that Mozilla Firefox is one of the best browsers out there. It also has the honor of being the biggest rival to Microsoft&#8217;s Internet Explorer. Part of the reason behind Firefox&#8217;s success is the fact that there is an awesome team of individuals behind it, who work around the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><firstimage="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/262875283_ca33f09edd.jpg" /><img style="margin-right: 20px; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px;" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/262875283_ca33f09edd.jpg?323f2c" alt="Firefox Logo" vspace="5" width="199" height="194" align="left" />There&#8217;s no doubt in anybody&#8217;s mind that Mozilla Firefox is one of the best browsers out there. It also has the honor of being the biggest rival to Microsoft&#8217;s Internet Explorer.</p>
<p>Part of the reason behind Firefox&#8217;s success is the fact that there is an awesome team of individuals behind it, who work around the clock to make it live up to the stringent quality standards, which are a hallmark of Mozilla.</p>
<p>However, there is a second, almost equally important reason as to why each version of Firefox is a runaway success. There&#8217;s virtually no limit to the amount of customization you can apply to Firefox. Most of these come in the form of extensions (small add-ons, which add to the functionality).<br />
<span id="more-32873"></span><br />
However, today we are going to talk about another, more covert way of customizing Firefox. All the different settings of Firefox can be accessed from one convenient location using the Firefox &#8220;About Config&#8221; hack. By typing <em>about:config</em> in the address bar, one can bring up a page listing all the different options. Once on that page, it&#8217;s simply a matter of double-clicking and editing those settings to make your browsing experience even better.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s a list of the best, most useful Firefox about:config hacks. All these hacks can be enabled by going into <em>about:config</em>. In case a setting doesn&#8217;t show up in the search, just right-click and select <em>New</em> to create it.</p>
<h3><strong>Make Firefox Free Up RAM When Minimized:</strong></h3>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/2010-01-15_1752.png?323f2c" alt="firefox about config hacks" width="570" height="91" /></p>
<p>Unless you have a RAM behemoth for a rig, you will know that RAM is a precious commodity. Simply put, RAM is like a container into which all applications are thrown when they are first run. The applications carry out all their processing in the RAM and then leave the RAM when they are done.</p>
<p>The problem arises in the way Firefox handles RAM. Most programs return unused RAM when they are minimized. Firefox, on the other hand does not do so. So, the Firefox ninjas around the world found an about:config workaround for it:</p>
<ul>
<li>In the &#8220;Filter&#8221; search, type: <em>config.trim_on_minimize</em></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li> Right click on the setting and click &#8220;<em>toggle</em>&#8221; so that the Value turns to &#8220;<em>true</em>&#8220;.</li>
</ul>
<p>From now on, Firefox will act like any other Windows app and return all unused memory when minimized.</p>
<h3><strong>Stop Websites From Blinding You With Blinking Text:</strong></h3>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/2010-01-15_1752_001.png?323f2c" alt="firefox about config hacks" width="570" height="102" /></p>
<p>Some webmasters have this crazy habit of making text on their pages blink. Maybe it&#8217;s their idea of looking cool, but in reality, it&#8217;s nothing more than a major irritation. Coupled with that is the fact that it really tires your eyes. Here&#8217;s how you can change <em>about:config</em> to disable blinking text:</p>
<ul>
<li>In the &#8220;Filter&#8221; search, type: <em>browser.blink_allowed</em></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li> Right click on the setting and click &#8220;<em>toggle</em>&#8221; so that the Value turns to &#8220;<em>false</em>&#8220;. This disables the blinking.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>Paste Text With The Middle Mouse Button:</strong></h3>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/2010-01-15_1753.png?323f2c" alt="firefox about config hacks" width="570" height="113" /></p>
<p>Linux users will vouch for how awesome pasting with the middle mouse button is. Now, Windows users can get the same functionality within Firefox. You guessed it! You need to go to about:config to do the following:</p>
<ul>
<li>In the &#8220;Filter&#8221; search, type: <em>middlemouse.paste</em></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li> Right click on the setting and click &#8220;<em>toggle</em>&#8221; so that the Value turns to &#8220;<em>true</em>&#8220;.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>Open Search Results In A New Tab:</strong></h3>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/2010-01-15_1754.png?323f2c" alt="firefox about config" width="570" height="107" /></p>
<p>Every now and then I come across a term on a website that I really need to research. I quickly hit <em>Ctrl+K</em> (the Search Box shortcut), type the keywords, and hit <em>Return</em>, only to remember at the last instant that the search will take me away from my current page. Using the following <em>about:config</em> hack, I configured Firefox to open all searches in a new tab.</p>
<ul>
<li>In the &#8220;Filter&#8221; search, type: <em>browser.search.openintab</em></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li> Right click on the setting and click &#8220;<em>toggle</em>&#8221; so that the Value turns to &#8220;<em>true</em>&#8220;.</li>
</ul>
<h3><strong>Make Firefox&#8217;s Menus Load Faster:</strong></h3>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/2010-01-15_1754_001.png?323f2c" alt="firefox about config" width="570" height="100" /></p>
<p>Sometimes, the delay caused while opening a Menu is just a major headache. Here&#8217;s how to do away with it using <em>about:config</em>.</p>
<ul>
<li>In the configuration window, right click and choose <em>New -&gt; Integer</em></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li> Name it <em>ui.submenuDelay</em> and set it to <em>0</em></li>
</ul>
<p>And that&#8217;s all that there is to it! It&#8217;s simply amazing how a few configuration changes here and there can make your surfing experience so much smoother. <em>About:config</em> hacks really make Mozilla Firefox all the more awesome. No wonder it is one of the most popular browsers in the world.</p>
<p>What <em>about:config</em> hacks are your favourites?</p>
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		<title>atMonitor &#8211; A System Monitor On Steroids [Mac]</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/atmonitor-a-system-monitor-on-steroids-mac/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/atmonitor-a-system-monitor-on-steroids-mac/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 30 Oct 2009 20:01:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Jackson Chung</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cool Mac Apps & Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[activity monitor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CPU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[event monitoring]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system monitor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[task manager]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=27833</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[If you own a Mac, you should know that one of the most useful tools is Activity Monitor, found in the Utilities folder. If you haven&#8217;t used it before, get introduced to it; it will help get you out of sticky situations when your Mac isn&#8217;t responding properly. Activity Monitor is basically Mac&#8217;s version of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="margin-right:20px" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/atmonitor-1.png?323f2c" alt="" vspace="5" align="left" />If you own a Mac, you should know that one of the most useful tools is Activity Monitor, found in the Utilities folder. If you haven&#8217;t used it before, <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/macnifying-os-x-learning-to-utilize-activity-monitor/">get introduced to it</a>; it will help get you out of sticky situations when your Mac isn&#8217;t responding properly. Activity Monitor is basically Mac&#8217;s version of Window&#8217;s Task Manager, albeit slightly more concise.</p>
<p>Today, I&#8217;ll be featuring a tool that takes the functions of Activity Monitor and pushes them into overdrive. The tool in question is called <a href="http://www.atpurpose.com/atMonitor/">atMonitor</a> and it&#8217;s like Activity Monitor on a ton of steroids. The interface is almost the same. One of the many noticeable differences, though, is the addition of an information panel in the Top Window.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/atmonitorfull.jpg?323f2c" alt="" /></p>
<p>If you find that a particular runaway process, let&#8217;s say for example, ATSServer, is constantly using up 100% CPU power in Activity Monitor; the standard response is to perform a Google search and determine whether or not it&#8217;s safe to quit the process. Not required in atMonitor. That&#8217;s where the information panel comes in. It will display all the necessary information about every process or application that&#8217;s selected and allows you to make a judgement on the spot.<br />
<span id="more-27833"></span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" style="border:1px solid black" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/usereventagent.png?323f2c" alt="" /></p>
<p>If an application is selected, it will query <a href="http://osx.iusethis.com">osx.iusethis.com</a> for its description and latest version. It will then compare the latest version against the version installed on your Mac and tell you if an update is available. Besides that, there&#8217;s a Version column which displays the current version of every app/process running and an icon next to it that symbolizes if it&#8217;s up to date.</p>
<p>If there&#8217;s an app which is outdated, just click on its icon in the information panel and you&#8217;ll be taken directly to the app&#8217;s web page. How cool is that?</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" style="border:1px solid black" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/things-update.png?323f2c" alt="" /></p>
<p>Another awesome feature is Reveal. Let&#8217;s say you find a fishy rogue process running in atMonitor, you can use the Information Panel to read more about it. Subsequently, let&#8217;s assume that you decide that it shouldn&#8217;t be running because it belongs to an app which you&#8217;ve deleted; you can easily kill the process, then use the Reveal button to display the particular file in Finder &#8211; then Trash it!</p>
<p>Another cool function is Renice Process. atMonitor allows you to alter the processing priority of particular apps. You can increase or decrease the priority, providing more CPU power to more important apps. This function will definitely come in handy while performing CPU-intensive tasks like applying layers in Photoshop or encoding video.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/reniceprocess.png?323f2c" alt="" /></p>
<p>atMonitor comes in three different forms of view: in the menu bar (essentially replacing a few of the monitoring menu bar apps I know), a floating window and a Dock icon (can only monitor one parameter). These three views provide you with real-time monitoring and reporting so that you have a general idea of what&#8217;s going on and can easily scan for the most memory- and CPU-intensive apps. To be absolutely honest, I&#8217;m a creature of habit and I already use <a href="http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/11-tiny-and-useful-free-menubar-applications-for-mac/">iStat Menus</a> and couldn&#8217;t be bothered to switch. However, that doesn&#8217;t mean that you shouldn&#8217;t try atMonitor&#8217;s menu bar view. Personally, I prefer using Top Window because it resembles Activity Monitor.</p>
<p>Those are just a few of atMonitor&#8217;s features, there are several advanced functions I haven&#8217;t tapped into yet. Triggers, for example, allows you to set up and run a certain script whenever a particular parameter (CPU, RAM, Temp) reaches a predefined level. Just think of the possibilities!</p>
<p><a href="http://www.atpurpose.com/atMonitor/">atMonitor</a> is available for free and runs on Mac OS X 10.5 and higher (Snow Leopard supported). Download it and give it a try. Do you think that it has potential to replace Activity Monitor?</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Sporcle &#8211; Cool Games That Make Learning Fun Again</title>
		<link>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/sporcle-games-make-learning-fun-again/</link>
		<comments>http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/sporcle-games-make-learning-fun-again/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2009 23:30:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>David Pierce</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Games & Gaming Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fun]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[learning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.makeuseof.com/?p=16556</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[You&#8217;ve seen the &#8220;make your kids love learning!&#8221; toys before, right? Things like LeapFrog, and that computer game where you keep the spaceman alive by doing math problems&#8221;¦ too fun. Once you hit about 9 years old, though, those games start to walk the fine line between fun and pathetic. Thankfully, there&#8217;s Sporcle &#8220;“ a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img style="border-right: 5px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin-left: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/2073334082-860a2270eb.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="2073334082_860a2270eb" width="304" height="204" align="left" /> You&#8217;ve seen the &#8220;make your kids love learning!&#8221; toys before, right? Things like LeapFrog, and that computer game where you keep the spaceman alive by doing math problems&#8221;¦ too fun. Once you hit about 9 years old, though, those games start to walk the fine line between fun and pathetic.</p>
<p>Thankfully, there&#8217;s <a href="http://www.sporcle.com/">Sporcle</a> &#8220;“ a site full of games that&#8217;s the best way to learn cool things, and make it fun, for adults (or really anyone). Sporcle is a site of what it calls &#8220;mentally stimulating diversions,&#8221; and it&#8217;s exactly that &#8220;“ games that are fun, exciting, and actually educational.</p>
<p>There are a ton of different games on the site, most following a similar format. You&#8217;ve got a blank list to fill out, and a time limit to do it &#8220;“ when you finish typing a correct answer, it&#8217;s automatically added to the list. Name all 50 US states &#8211; Go! How about all the elements of the periodic table? Go!</p>
<p>What&#8217;s funny is that these games don&#8217;t actually sound that much fun- until you start playing. They&#8217;re incredibly addicting, and I&#8217;m always surprised how hard it is to recall all kinds of similar information all at once. What&#8217;s that darn state next to Louisiana? But I <em>did</em> name all 44 US Presidents in 85 seconds (true story). Can you beat me?</p>
<p><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; border-left: 0px; margin-right: auto; border-bottom: 0px" title="Sporcle" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/sporcle.png?323f2c" border="0" alt="Sporcle" width="535" height="350" /></p>
<p>The games range over a ton of different categories, from geography to television to religion, and everything in between. There&#8217;s a whole range of difficulty levels as well, ranging from the incredibly easy to the unbelievably difficult. The one I&#8217;m playing right now is called &#8220;The Great Game,&#8221; and it asks you to come up with a whole series of things with the word &#8220;great&#8221; in the title. Wayne Gretzky&#8217;s &#8220;The Great One&#8221; &#8220;“ things like that.</p>
<p>My favorite part of Sporcle is the &#8220;Random Game&#8221; button &#8220;“ it&#8217;s like <a href="http://www.stumbleupon.com">StumbleUpon</a> for brain stimulation. Every time you click the button, it picks one of the 1349 games currently on Sporcle for you to play &#8220;“ like maybe the &#8220;Crayola Colors&#8221; game.</p>
<p>If you start to Sporcle on a regular basis, you might want to create an account. It&#8217;ll track your stats for you, and help you figure out just how great you are at naming all the classes offered at Hogwarts in the <em>Harry Potter </em>books.</p>
<p><img title="logos" src="http://main.makeuseoflimited.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/logos.jpg?323f2c" border="0" alt="logos" width="538" height="472" /></p>
<p>For the real Sporcle addicts, there&#8217;s both a <a href="http://www.twitter.com/sporcle">Twitter feed</a> and an RSS feed from Sporcle that updates every time there&#8217;s a new game available. The library of games is growing surprisingly fast, and there&#8217;s always a new game to be played on the site.</p>
<p>Sporcle&#8217;s a pretty dangerous site &#8220;“ I&#8217;ve had more than a few occasions of looking at the clock at realizing I just spent three hours trying to name all the corporate logos (Safeway and Atari threw me off) on Sporcle. The way I see it, though, if you&#8217;re going to waste some time, and find a fun diversion from all the other things you have to do, why not do it in a way that helps you learn something? That&#8217;s Sporcle&#8217;s thought, anyway.</p>
<p>I got all 32 NFL teams in 1 minute, 19 seconds. <a href="http://www.sporcle.com/games/nflteams.php">Beat me</a>. Go!</p>
<p>What&#8217;s your favorite online game or time-waster?</p>
<p><small>image credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/damclean/2073334082/" rel="nofollow">damclean</a></small></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>6</slash:comments>
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